Have you ever observed that most science fiction stories feature different scientific and technological advancements as a bookworm? Some tales are set in space, filled with alien characters, robots, and more. It’s because sci-fi is a rich and vibrant genre, filled with notable stories showcasing the different sides of the field of science. In fact, it is referred to as the literature of concepts because there are loads of futuristic ideas embedded in the stories.
The wide array of notable features sci-fi has might be the best time to learn more about this genre. Thus, here’s an ultimate guide to the magnificent world of science fiction, specifically starting with its several subgenres.
Hard sci-fi
Hard science fiction pertains to stories that use or are based on scientific facts. The concepts used are often thoroughly elaborated and detailed to showcase scientific realism. However, there are moments when these particular ideas can hinder the development of the plot and characters. All Systems Red by Martha Wells, Children of Time by Adrian Tchaikovsky, Hail Mary by Andy Weir, and Seveneves by Neal Stephenson are some books considered as hard science fiction.
Soft sci-fi
In contrast to hard sci-fi, soft science fiction is often characterized by stories that are inspired by the soft social sciences. Most of the plots are involved or concerned with hypothetical societies and connections. Thus, you can observe aspects of sociology, psychology, economics, politics, and more. The hit TV series Star Trek is the best example of this subgenre. It’s popular for tackling the problems and concerns on both political and social aspects in a futuristic and space-opera setup.
Climate fiction
James Bradley, Sam Bleicher, David Mitchell, Emmi Itaranta, Margaret Atwood, Kim Stanley Robinson, and Paolo Bacigalupi are some of the remarkable authors of climate fiction. The stories under cli-fi send significant messages on the effects and possible results of climate change. Thus, they also give awareness and reminders to the readers to be more focused on the planet. Another aspect that climate fiction highlights are that it’s not too late to prevent climate change.
Dystopian fiction
If you are a fan of Veronica Roth’s Divergent or Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451, then you might already be familiar with dystopian fiction. This subgenre provides a glimpse of the future with books that challenges the readers to diversely evaluate the present social and political conditions and to encourage them to take action. Moreover, dystopia pertains to societies in devastating states, characters facing environmental wreck, technological manipulation, and oppression.
Space opera
The term “space opera” is not affiliated with music but with soap operas seen on television. This genre blossomed in the 1930s, which is when it began to dominate the literature, comics, movie, and other related avenues. Works categorized as space opera often feature fictional battles and adventures set in space inflicted with melodrama and chivalric romance. Moreover, the stories tend to showcase galactic wars, futuristic equipment, top-notch technology, and more. Dune by Frank Herbert and Legend of the Galactic Heroes by Yoshiki Tanaka are the best examples of space operas.
Gothic sci-fi
The classic novels by Mary Shelly titled Frankenstein and by Robert Louis Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde are considered gothic sci-fi. From the name of the subgenre itself, it’s a mix of gothic and sci-fi principles. Thus, stories under this subcategory show or center on the following features: darkness, macabre, mystery, supernatural, monster, horror, and more. Gothic sci-fi tales often create great tensions and evoke intense emotions.
Parallel universe sci-fi
Parallel universe sci-fi is the subgenre with writings that simply show extraordinary alternate worlds present along with the “real world.” In the broadest sense, the parallel realms are the separate speculative dimension that exists together with one’s own. It is a subcategory of sci-fi in literature, but in film, it is considered a trope. The best examples of this genre are V.E. Schwab’s A Darker Shade of Magic, Claudia Gray’s A Thousand Pieces of You, and Terry Pratchett, and Stephen Baxter’s The Long Earth.
Military Science Fiction
This particular subcategory exhibits the utilization of scientifically innovated weapons and other aspects for military purposes. It may feature an interstellar warlike in space operas, but military fiction focuses more on military traits and events. Thus, stories in this category commonly portray military organizations, activities, pieces of equipment, goals, and more.